grammar UNIT 31. Should
A You should do something = it is a good thing to do or the right thing to do. You can use should to give advice or to g...
grammar 
grammar UNIT 30. Have to and must
A I have to do something = it is necessary to do it, I am obliged to do it: You can't turn right here. You have to turn ...
grammar UNIT 29. May and might 2
A We use may and might to talk about possible actions or happenings in the future: I haven't decided yet where to go on ...
grammar UNIT 28. May and might 1
A Study this example situation: ------------------------------ You are looking for Bob. Nobody is sure where he is, but ...
grammar UNIT 27. Must (You must be tired, etc.)
A Must (not) A : My house is next to the freeway. B : It must be very noisy. We use must to say that we feel sure someth...
grammar UNIT 26. Could (do) and could have (done)
A We use could in a number of ways. Sometimes could is the past of can: Listen. I can hear something. (now) I listened. ...
grammar UNIT 25. Can, could, and (be) able to
A We use can to say that something is possible or allowed, or that somebody has the ability to do something. We use can ...
grammar UNIT 24. When I do / When I’ve done / When and if
A A : Will you call me tomorrow? B : Yes, I'll call you when I get home from work. ------------------------------ "I'll ...
grammar UNIT 23. Will be doing and will have done
A Study this example situation: ------------------------------ now These people are standing in line to get into the sta...
grammar UNIT 22. I will and I’m going to
A Future actions Study the difference between will and (be) going to: ------------------------------ Sue is talking to E...
grammar UNIT 21. Will 2
A We do not use to say what somebody has already arranged or decided to do in the future: Ann is working next week. (not...
grammar UNIT 20. Will 1
A We use I'll (= I will) when we decide to do something at the time of speaking: Oh, I felt the door open. I'll go and s...
grammar UNIT 19. (I’m) going to (do)
A I am going to do something = I have already decided to do it, I intend to do it: A : Are you going to watch the footba...
grammar UNIT 18. Present Tense(I am doing / I do) with a Future Meaning
Present continuous (I am doing) with a future meaning. ------------------------------ This is Ben's calendar for next we...
grammar UNIT 17. Used to (do)
A Study this example situation: A few years ago (David jogging) these days (David working) David quit jogging two years ...
grammar UNIT 16. Have and have got
A Have and have got (for possession, relationships, illness, etc.) You can use have got or have (without got). There is ...
grammar UNIT 15. Past perfect Continuous (I had been doing)
A (Yesterday morning) Yesterday morning I got up and looked out of the window. The sun was shining, but the ground was v...
grammar UNIT 14. Past Perfect (I had done)
A At 10:30 Eric go At 11:00 Sarah back Sarah went to a party last week. Eric went to the party, too, but they didn't see...
grammar UNIT 13. For and since – When…? and How long…?
A We use for and since to say how long something has been happening. We use for + a period of time (two hours, six weeks...
grammar UNIT 12. How long have you (been) …?
A Bob and Alice are married. They got married exactly 20 years ago, so today is their 20th wedding anniversary. They hav...
grammar UNIT 11. Present Perfect Continuous and Simple (I have been doing and I have done)
A Ling's clothes are covered with paint. She has been painting the ceiling Has been painting is the present perfect cont...
grammar UNIT 10. Present Perfect Continuous (I have been doing)
A It has been raining. Study this example situation: ------------------------------ It is raining? No, but the ground is...
grammar UNIT 9. Present Perfect and Past 2 (I have done and I did)
A Do not use the present perfect (I have done) when you talk about a finished time (for example, yesterday / 10 minutes ...
grammar UNIT 8. Present Perfect and Past 1 (I have done and I did)
A You can use the present perfect (I have done) for new or recent happenings: I've lost my keys. Have you seen them? ”Is...
grammar UNIT 7. Present Perfect(I have done)
A Dave: Have you traveled a lot, Jane? Jane: Yes, I've been to lots of places. Dave: Really? Have you ever been to China...
grammar UNIT 6. Past Continuous (I was doing)
A Yesterday Karen and Jim played tennis. They began at 10:00 and finished at 11:30. So, at 10:30 they were playing tenni...
grammar UNIT 5. Simple Past (I did)
A Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian musician and composer. He lived from 1756 to 1791. He stared composing at the ...
grammar UNIT 4. Present Continuous and Simple Present 2 (I am doing and I do)
A We use continuous forms for actions and happenings that have stared but not finished (they are eating / it is raining,...
grammar UNIT 3. Present Continuous and Simple Present 1 (I am doing and I do)
A Compare : Present continuous (I am doing) We use the continuous for things happening at or around the time of speaking...
grammar UNIT 2. Simple Present(I do)
A Alex is a bus driver, but now he is in bed asleep. He is not driving a bus. (He is asleep) but He drives a bus. (He is...
grammar UNIT 1. Present Continuous(I am doing)
A Sarah is in her car. She is on her way to work. She is driving to work. This means: she is driving now, at the time of...