grammar UNIT 83. Some and any
A
In general we use some (also somebody/someone/something) in positive sentences and any (also anybody, etc.) in negati...
grammar 
grammar UNIT 82. There … and It …
A
There and it
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A : There's a new restaurant on Main street.
B : Yes, I know. I went ...
grammar UNIT 81. A friend of mine / My own house / By myself
A
A friend of mine / a friend of Tom's, etc.
We say "a friend of mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs":
- I'm going to a w...
grammar UNIT 80. Myself/yourself/themselves, etc.
A
Study this example:
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Steve : Hi, I'm Steve.
Steve introduced himself to the other ...
grammar UNIT 79. -‘s(your sister’s name) and of … (the name of the book)
A
We use -'s (apostrophe + s) mostly for people or animals:
- Tom's computer isn't working. (not the computer of Tom)
...
grammar UNIT 78. Noun + Noun (a tennis ball / a headache, etc.)
A
You can use two nouns together (noun + noun) to mean one thing/person/idea, etc. For example:
a tennis ball
a bank m...
grammar UNIT 77. Singular and Plural
A
Sometimes we use a plural noun for one thing that has two parts. For example:
Pants (two legs)
also jeans / slacks
s...
grammar UNIT 76. Names with and without the 2
A
Names without the
We do not use the with names of most city streets / roads / squares / parks, etc.
Union Street (n...
grammar UNIT 75. Names with and without the 1
A
We do not use the with names of people (Ann, taylor, etc). In the same way, we do not normally use the with names of ...
grammar UNIT 74. The 4 (the giraffe / the telephone / the piano, etc.; the + Adjective)
A
Study these sentences:
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- The giraffe is the tallest of all animals.
- The bicycl...
grammar UNIT 73. The 3 (children / the children)
A
When we are talking about things or people in genera, we do not use the:
- I'm afraid of dogs. (not the dogs)
(do...
grammar UNIT 72. The 2 (school / the school, etc.)
A
Compare school and the school:
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Claudia is 10 years old. Every day she goes to scho...
grammar UNIT 71. The 1
A
We use the when there is only one of something:
- What is the longest river in the world? (there is only one longest...
grammar UNIT 70. A/an and the
A
Study this example:
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John :
I had a sandwich and an apple for lunch.
The sandwich w...
grammar UNIT 69. Countable Nouns with a/an and some
A
Countable nouns can be singular or plural:
a dog
a child
the evening
this party
an umbrella
dogs
some children
the e...
grammar UNIT 68. Countable and Uncountable 2
A
Many nouns can be use as countable or uncountable nouns, usually with a difference in meaning.
Compare:
--------...
grammar UNIT 67. Countable and Uncountable 1
A
A noun can be countable of uncountable:
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Countable
I eat a banana every day.
I l...
grammar UNIT 66. -ing Phrases (Feeling tired, I went bed early.)
A
Study these situations:
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Joe was playing football. He hurt his knee.
You can say:
...
grammar UNIT 65. See somebody do and see somebody doing
A
Study this example situation:
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Tom got into his car and drove away. You saw this.
Y...
grammar UNIT 64. To … (afraid to do) and Preposition + -ing (afraid of -ing)
A
Afraid to (do) and afraid of (do) ing
I am afraid to do something = I don't want to do it because it is dangerous or...
grammar UNIT 63. Adjective + to …
A
Hard to understand, etc.
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Compare sentences (a) and (b)
Jim doesn't speak very cl...
grammar UNIT 62. To …, for …, and so that …(Purpose)
A
We use to ... to say why somebody does something (= the purpose of an action):
- "Why are you going out?" "To mail ...
grammar UNIT 61. Expression + -ing
A
When these expressions are followed by a verb, the verb ends in -ing:
There's no point in ...:
- There's no point i...
grammar UNIT 60. Verb + Preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing / accuse somebody of -ing, etc.)
A
Many verbs have the structure verb + preposition (in/for/about, etc.) + object.
For example
verb +
Prepositi...
grammar UNIT 59. Be/get used to something (I’m used to …)
A
Study this example situations:
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Lisa is American, but she lives in Tokyo.
When she ...
grammar UNIT 58. Preposition (in/for/about, etc.) + -ing
A
If a preposition (in/for/about, etc.) is followed by a verb, the verb ends in -ing:
-
Preposition
Verb (-in...
grammar UNIT 57. Prefer and would rather
A
Prefer to do and prefer doing
You can use prefer to (do) or prefer -ing to say what you prefer in general:
- I don'...
grammar UNIT 56. Verb + -ing or to … 3 (like/would like, etc.)
A
Like / love / hate
When you talk about repeated actions, you can use -ing or to ... after these verbs.
So you can s...
grammar UNIT 55. Verb + -ing or to … 2 (try/need/help)
A
Try to ... and try -ing
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Try to do = attempt to do, make an effort to do:
- I was ...
grammar UNIT 54. Verb + -ing or to … 1 (remember/regret, etc.)
A
Some verbs are followed by -ing, and some are followed by to ...
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Verbs usually fo...
grammar UNIT 53. Verb (+ Object) + to … (I want you to …, etc.)
A
want
ask
help
expect
bag
would like
would prefer
mean (= intend)
These verbs are followed by to ... (infinitive). T...